Rahu and Ketu are two such names in Indian predictive astrology which engender frightening sense in our psyche. These two planets do not exist in western astrology. In the Indian astrology, Rahu and Ketu have been attributed the position of planets for predictive purposes; but, as in the western, the remotest planets: Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto are not applied for prediction purpose in Indian classical system of prediction.
However, in the contemporary period, many Indian scholars of astrology apply 12 planets including the Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto for prediction purpose. The edifice of Indian astrology is based on the belief of birth cycle of human being. And, Rahu and Ketu are the two planets which give us information about our last and next birth. Besides, the role of these planets is sine-qua-none in predicting the mundane affairs of life. In fact, without Rahu and Ketu, no prediction can be made.
The two Nodes of the Moon are named as Rahu and Ketu. The North Node is Rahu and the South Node is Ketu. So, the longitudinal distance between them is always 180° Now, we know that the Earth moves around the Sun in about 365 days and 6 hours and the Moon moves around the Earth in about 27 days and 7 minutes 39 seconds. The path which the Sun and Moon follow to go around the Sun and the Earth respectively are elliptical.
The Nodes are the points where the Moon’s path around the Earth crosses the ecliptic. Eclipses are possible only when the line of Nodes point towards the Sun and occur only near the Nodes. A solar eclipse occurs when the passage of the Moon through a Node coincides with the New Moon; and, a lunar eclipse occurs when the passage coincides with the Full Moon.
The Nodes are the points where the Moon’s path around the Earth crosses the ecliptic. Eclipses are possible only when the line of Nodes point towards the Sun and occur only near the Nodes. A solar eclipse occurs when the passage of the Moon through a Node coincides with the New Moon; and, a lunar eclipse occurs when the passage coincides with the Full Moon.
(It is relevant to mention here that the longitudinal distance between the Sun and Moon is 0 degree and 180 degrees on a New Moon day and a Full Moon day respectively.) Because of the uniform rate of movement of Sun, Moon, and Earth through their fixed orbits, it is possible to calculate in advance the possible dates and times of occurrence of lunar and solar eclipses.
The Hindu scholars of astrology had clear knowledge about the solar system approximately two millennium years before B.C. Astrological study is the genesis of astronomy in India, and the astrologers were the first astronomers. In astronomy, the two Nodes are very sensitive and these points are known as Rahu and Ketu in Hindu astrology.
There are a number of stories in Hindu scriptures regarding the origin of Rahu and Ketu. One story found in the Samudra Manthan Chapter of Puranas is narrated here.
Once, Indra, the king of Devas, lost his kingdom to Asuras due to a curse of Durvasha Rishi (sage). He approached Lord Vishnu seeking advice to regain his lost kingdom. Vishnu advised him to make an alliance with the asuras to churn the ocean of milk (Samudra Manthan). The devised trickery was that the Asuras would not be given the Amrit (nectar of immortality) that would emerge from the ocean as the last or 14th Ratna. The Devas alone would drink it to gain immortality, provoke the Asuras for a battle, defeat them and reclaim their lost kingdom.
Successful the Devas formed an alliance with Asuras for ocean churning. The Mount Mandara agreed to be the churning rode and the Vasuki, the king of serpents, the churning rope. The Asuras were given their choice of holding neck side of the serpent and Devas hold the tail side of the serpent for churning.
When the Mount Mandara was placed into the ocean, it started sinking deep into the ocean, and then Vishnu transformed him into the form of a turtle (Kurma Avatar) and held the mountain on his back for the purpose. As churning started 14 Ratnas emerged one after another.
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